Школа політичної аналітики
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Сучасний аналітичний центр, який є частиною могилянського інтелектуального середовища та успішно запроваджує новітні наукові здобутки в українську аналітичну сферу.
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Item Policies of Reintegration of Temporarily Occupied Territories: Models, Scenarios, Discussions, Experience : analytical repor(2021) Osypchuk, Anna; Suslov, Anton; Shulimov, Stanislav; Yakovlyev, MaksymIn this analytical report the team of authors from the School for Policy Analysis answer the questions of what the gaps in the reintegration policies are, which policies are lacking, or which policies have not been implemented despite previous recommendations; the field for further research and study is narrowed down and positions of experts and public opinion on different aspects and measures of reintegration policies as well as on alternative steps and solutions are clarified. Since 2014, the Ukrainian authorities have done significant work on reintegration. On the one hand, the institutional groundwork for reintegration has been laid: a substantial legal framework has been established (from strategic documents to procedures and regulations) and the operation of key responsible bodies (from the relevant ministry to a special unit in the Prosecutor General's Office) has been set up. On the other hand, the Ukrainian authorities managed to achieve results in supporting internally displaced persons: they were given the opportunity to vote in local elections, several housing acquiring programs were created, preferential conditions for admission to higher education institutions were introduced, and so on. An equally important component of the state's activity is the discussion of sensitive issues of reintegration (especially in the area of transitional justice) with the expert community and civil society. At the same time, the reintegration policy is complex and therefore requires the accommodation of a large number of issues as well as further steps and solutions, including: - emphasis on the "fight for the people" as a fundamental principle and the core of the policy of reintegration of the temporarily occupied territories. This includes both transitional justice and measures to support internally displaced persons and young people from the temporarily occupied territories, including compensations for lost property and damage. The citizens of Ukraine who now live on the TOT should feel that they have not been forgotten; that the state, as far as possible, cares for them and protects their rights; that they are important to Ukraine. - adherence to the principles of evidence-based policy. The policymaking and drafting of all bills should be carried out in cooperation with relevant organizations and experts, based on up-to-date survey data and research, and taking into account international experience, including negative ones. - critical analysis of international experience. It is important to approach international experience not as ready-made solutions and model scenarios that may be borrowed, but as a set of specific tools and measures that must be critically analyzed and applied considering the specifics of our context. It is necessary not only to focus on best practices, but also to analyze failures. - taking into account both long-term goals and state / national interests, as well as public opinion in policy making. It is necessary not to flirt with the population fueling populist sentiments, but to build an effective communication policy, especially on such sensitive issues of transitional justice as amnesty, lustration, and liability for one’s actions, etc. - adoption of strategic documents on reintegration. First of all, these are the Strategies for Reintegration and Information Policy for the Temporarily Occupied Territories until 2025 and Action Plans for their Implementation, the Information Security Strategy, the Foreign Policy Strategy, and the regulatory framework for settling property issues in the temporarily occupied territories. Ratification of the Rome Statute is also important. - increasing the level of coordination between various state bodies that prepare policy documents on reintegration policy. This includes coordinating and intensifying the efforts of all state institutions to eliminate inconsistencies in existing regulations and laws. - cooperation with civil society. There is a need for greater involvement of civil society into working groups and expert discussions on the development of policies and laws related to reintegration. To emphasize, it is civic and human rights organizations that systematically form the agenda for the development and drafting of reintegration policies, actualize certain issues for protection of rights and freedoms, and are a source of constant constructive criticism for the government. - advancing and completing already initiated institutional reforms. First, it is the decentralization reform and reforms of law enforcement and judicial bodies as well as the strengthening of defense capabilities. Successful and visible institutional reforms are an additional argument for Ukraine in the process of reintegration and its "fight for people" from the temporarily occupied territories.Item Towards Efficient Reintegration Policies: Advances and Challenges : analytical report(2021) Osypchuk, Anna; Suslov, Anton; Usachova, Veronika; Shulimov, Stanislav; Yakovlyev, MaksymWe regard reintegration models as different alternative sets of conditional choices of particular tools and measures aimed at conflict resolution and reconciliation based on short-term and long-term goals regarding specific target groups and beneficiaries, victims and / or those affected by the war and occupation (e. g., internally displaced persons and residents of temporarily occupied territories or frontline areas), and Ukrainian society and the state in general. At the same time, the choice of such individual tools and measures should take into account both international and internal previous experience of their implementation as well as a comprehensive analysis and modeling of various potential options for conflict resolution and reintegration. One should not forget that when talking about the policy of reintegration of the temporarily occupied territories, we must understand that the subject of such a policy is twofold: on the one hand, the policy of reintegration should be a policy of a "fight for the people" and on the other hand – of a "fight for the territory". Besides, policies in the context of both these types of struggles must not contradict but complement and reinforce each other. It is also important to use soft power both in contexts of the "fight for the people" and the "fight for the territory" (Українська призма, 2020, p. 7).