In this article the AIDS situation in Ukraine is described. Since nearly 80 per cent of HIVinfected
persons are drug users, the methods that have been recommended by European Monitoring
Centre for Drug and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) on estimating drug use and risk taking
behaviour are reviewed. Some conclusions on applicability of these methods and discussion on
further steps on elaboration of research project on drug issues/phenomenon with respect to
national AIDS prevention strategies in Ukraine have been presented.