Кафедра археології

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Browsing Кафедра археології by Author "Allentoft, Morten"

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    Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia
    (2024) Allentoft, Morten; Sikora, Martin; Refoyo-Martínez, Alba; Irving-Pease, Evan; Fischer, Anders; Barrie, William; Ingason, Andrés; Stenderup, Jesper; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Pearson, Alice; Sousa da Mota, Bárbara; Schulz Paulsson, Bettina; Halgren, Alma; Macleod, Ruairidh; Schjellerup Jørkov, Marie Louise; Demeter, Fabrice; Sørensen, Lasse; Nielsen, Poul Otto; Henriksen, Rasmus; Vimala, Tharsika; McColl, Hugh; Margaryan, Ashot; Ilardo, Melissa; Vaughn, Andrew; Mortensen, Morten Fischer; Nielsen, Anne Birgitte; Ulfeldt Hede, Mikkel; Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær; Rasmussen, Peter; Vinner, Lasse; Renaud, Gabriel; Stern, Aaron; Jensen, Theis; Scorrano, Gabriele; Schroeder, Hannes; Lysdahl, Per; Ramsøe, Abigail Daisy; Skorobogatov, Andrei; Schork, Andrew Joseph; Rosengren, Anders; Ruter, Anthony; Outram, Alan; Timoshenko, Aleksey; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Coppa, Alfredo; Zubova, Alisa; Silva, Ana Maria; Hansen, Anders; Gromov, Andrey; Logvin, Andrey; Gotfredsen, Anne Birgitte; Nielsen, Bjarne Henning; González-Rabanal, Borja; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; McKenzie, Catriona; Gaunitz, Charleen; Blasco, Concepción; Liesau, Corina; Martinez-Labarga, Cristina; Pozdnyakov, Dmitri; Cuenca-Solana, David; Lordkipanidze, David; En’shin, Dmitri; Salazar-García, Domingo; Price, Douglas; Borić, Dušan; Kostyleva, Elena; Veselovskaya, Elizaveta; Usmanova, Emma; Cappellini, Enrico; Petersen, Erik Brinch; Kannegaard, Esben; Radina, Francesca; Yediay, Fulya Eylem; Duday, Henri; Gutiérrez-Zugasti, Igor; Merts, Ilya; Potekhina, Inna; Shevnina, Irina; Altinkaya, Isin; Guilaine, Jean; Hansen, Jesper; Aura Tortosa, Joan Emili; Zilhão, João; Vega, Jorge; Buck Pedersen, Kristoffer; Guilaine, Jean; Tunia, Krzysztof; Zhao, Lei; Mylnikova, Liudmila; Larsson, Lars; Metz, Laure; Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Pedersen, Lisbeth; Sarti, Lucia; Orlando, Ludovic; Slimak, Ludovic; Klassen, Lutz; Blank, Malou; González-Morales, Manuel; Silvestrini, Mara; Vretemark, Maria; Nesterova, Marina; Rykun, Marina; Rolfo, Mario Federico; Szmyt, Marzena; Przybyła, Marcin; Calattini, Mauro; Sablin, Mikhail; Dobisíková, Miluše; Meldgaard, Morten; Johansen, Morten; Berezina, Natalia; Card, Nick; Saveliev, Nikolai; Poshekhonova, Olga; Rickards, Olga; Lozovskaya, Olga; Gábor, Olivér; Uldum, Otto Christian; Aurino, Paola; Kosintsev, Pavel; Courtaud, Patrice; Ríos, Patricia; Mortensen, Peder; Lotz, Per; Persson, Per; Bangsgaard, Pernille; Damgaard, Peter de Barros; Petersen, Peter Vang; Prieto Martínez, Pilar; Włodarczak, Piotr; Smolyaninov, Roman; Maring, Rikke; Menduiña, Roberto; Badalyan, Ruben; Iversen, Rune; Turin, Ruslan; Vasilyev, Sergey; Wåhlin, Sidsel; Borutskaya, Svetlana; Skochina, Svetlana; Sørensen, Søren Anker; Andersen, Søren ; Jørgensen, Thomas; Jørgensen, Thomas; Serikov, Yuri; Molodin, Vyacheslav; Smrcka, Vaclav; Merts, Victor; Appadurai, Vivek; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Magnusson,Yvonne; Kjær, Kurt; Lynnerup, Niels; Lawson, Daniel; Sudmant, Peter; Rasmussen, Simon; Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand; Durbin, Richard; Nielsen, Rasmus; Delanea, Olivier; Werge, Thomas; Racimo, Fernando; Kristiansen, Kristian; Willerslev, Eske
    Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene1–5. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes—mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods— from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a ‘great divide’ genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 bp, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 bp, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a ‘Neolithic steppe’ cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.
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    Population Genomics of Stone Age Eurasia
    (BioRxiv, 2022) Allentoft, Morten; Sikora, Martin; Alba, Refoyo-Martínez; Evan K. Irving-Pease; Fischer, Anders; Barrie, William ; Ingason, Andrés; Stenderup, Jesper ; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Pearson, Alice; Sousa da Mota, Bárbara; Schulz Paulsson, Bettina; Halgren, Alma; Macleod, Ruairidh; Schjellerup Jørkov, Marie Louise; Demeter, Fabrice; Novosolov, Maria; Sørensen, Lasse; Nielsen, Poul Otto; Henriksen, Rasmus H.A.; Vimala, Tharsika; McColl, Hugh; Margaryan, Ashot; Ilardo, Melissa; Vaughn, Andrew; Mortensen, Morten Fischer; Nielsen, Anne Birgitte; Hede, Mikkel Ulfeldt; Rasmussen, Peter; Vinner, Lasse; Renaud, Gabriel; Stern, Aaron; Theis Zetner Trolle Jensen; Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær; Scorrano, Gabriele; Schroeder, Hannes; Lysdahl, Per; Daisy Ramsøe, Abigail; Skorobogatov, Andrei; Schork, Andrew Joseph; Rosengren, Anders; Ruter, Anthony; Outram, Alan; Timoshenko, Aleksey; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Coppa, Alfredo; Zubova, Alisa; Silva, Ana Maria; Hansen, Anders ; Gromov, Andrey; Logvin, Andrey; Gotfredsen, Anne Birgitte; Nielsen, Bjarne Henning; González-Rabanal, Borja; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; McKenzie, Catriona ; Gaunitz, Charleen; Blasco, Concepción; Liesau, Corina; Martinez-Labarga, Cristina; Pozdnyakov, Dmitri ; Cuenca-Solana, David; Lordkipanidze, David ; En’shin, Dmitri; Salazar-García, Domingo ; Price, T. Douglas; Borić, Dušan; Kostyleva, Elena; Veselovskaya, Elizaveta ; Usmanova, Emma ; Cappellini, Enrico; Petersen, Erik Brinch; Kannegaard, Esben; Radina, Francesca; Yediay, Fulya Eylem; Duday, Henri; Gutiérrez-Zugasti, Igor; Potekhina, Inna; Shevnina, Irina; Altinkaya, Isin; Guilaine, Jean; Hansen, Jesper; Tortosa, Joan Emili Aura; Zilhão, João; Vega, Jorge; Pedersen, Kristoffer Buck; Tunia, Krzysztof; Zhao, Lei; Mylnikova, Liudmila; Larsson, Lars; Metz, Laure; Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Pedersen, Lisbeth; Sarti, Lucia; Orlando, Ludovic; Slimak, Ludovic; Klassen, Lutz; Blank, Malou; González-Morales, Manuel; Silvestrini, Mara; Vretemark, Maria; Nesterova, Marina ; Rykun, Marina; Rolfo, Mario Federico; Szmyt, Marzena; Przybyła, Marcin; Calattini, Mauro; Sablin, Mikhail; Dobisíková, Miluše; Meldgaard, Morten; Johansen, Morten; Berezina, Natalia; Card, Nick; Saveliev, Nikolai ; Poshekhonova, Olga; Rickards, Olga; Lozovskaya, Olga ; Gábor, Olivér; Uldum, Otto Christian; Aurino, Paola; Kosintsev, Pavel; Courtaud, Patrice; Ríos, Patricia; Mortensen, Peder; Lotz, Per; Persson, Per; Bangsgaard, Pernille; Damgaard, Peter de Barros; Petersen, Peter Vang; Martinez, Pilar Prieto; Włodarczak, Piotr; Smolyaninov, Roman; Maring, Rikke; Menduiña, Roberto; Badalyan, Ruben; Badalyan, Ruben; Turin, Ruslan; Vasilyiev, Sergey; Wåhlin, Sidsel; Borutskaya, Svetlana; Skochina, Svetlana; Sørensen, Søren Anker; Andersen, Søren; Jørgensen, Thomas; Serikov, Yuri ; Molodin, Vyacheslav; Smrcka, Vaclav; Merz, Victor; Appadurai, Vivek; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Magnusson, Yvonne; Kjær, Kurt; Lynnerup, Niels; Lawson, Daniel; Sudmant, Peter; Rasmussen, Simon; Korneliussen, Thorfinn; Durbin, Richard; Nielsen, Rasmus; Delaneau, Olivier; Werge, Thomas; Racimo, Fernando; Kristiansen, Kristian; Willerslev, Eske
    Several major migrations and population turnover events during the later Stone Age (after c. 11,000 cal. BP) are believed to have shaped the contemporary population genetic diversity in Eurasia. While the genetic impacts of these migrations have been investigated on regional scales, a detailed understanding of their spatiotemporal dynamics both within and between major geographic regions across Northern Eurasia remains largely elusive. Here, we present the largest shotgun-sequenced genomic dataset from the Stone Age to date, representing 317 primarily Mesolithic and Neolithic individuals from across Eurasia, with associated radiocarbon dates, stable isotope data, and pollen records. Using recent advances, we imputed >1,600 ancient genomes to obtain accurate diploid genotypes, enabling previously unachievable fine-grained population structure inferences. We show that 1) Eurasian Mesolitic hunter-gatherers were more genetically diverse than previously known, and deeply divergent between the west and the east; 2) Hitherto genetically undescribed huntergatherers from the Middle Don region contributed significant ancestry to the later Yamnaya steppe pastoralists; 3) The genetic impact of the transition from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers to Neolithic farmers was highly distinct, east and west of a “Great Divide” boundary zone extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic, with large-scale shifts in genetic ancestry to the west. This include an almost complete replacement of hunter-gatherers in Denmark, but no substantial shifts during the same period further to the east; 4) Within-group relatedness changes substantially during the Neolithic transition in the west, where clusters of Neolithic farmer-associated individuals show overall reduced relatedness, while genetic relatedness remains high until ~4,000 BP in the east, consistent with a much longer persistence of smaller localised hunter-gatherer groups; 5) A fastpaced second major genetic transformation beginning around 5,000 BP, with Steppe-related ancestry reaching most parts of Europe within a 1,000 years span. Local Neolithic farmers admixed with incoming pastoralists in most parts of Europe, whereas Scandinavia experienced another nearcomplete population replacement, with similar dramatic turnover-patterns also evident in western Siberia; 6) Extensive regional differences in the ancestry components related to these early events remain visible to this day, even within countries (research conducted using the UK Biobank resource). Neolithic farmer ancestry is highest in southern and eastern England while Steppe-related ancestry is highest in the Celtic populations of Scotland, Wales, and Cornwall. Overall, our findings show that although the Stone-Age migrations have been important in shaping contemporary genetic diversity in Eurasia, their dynamics and impact were geographically highly heterogeneous.
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    Publisher Correction: Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia (Nature, (2024), 625, 7994, (301-311), 10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0)
    (2024) Allentoft, Morten; Sikora, Martin; Refoyo-Martínez, Alba; Irving-Pease, Evan; Fischer, Anders; Barrie, William; Ingason, Andrés; Stenderup, Jesper; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Pearson, Alice; Sousa da Mota, Bárbara; Schulz Paulsson, Bettina; Halgren, Alma; Macleod, Ruairidh; Schjellerup Jørkov, Marie Louise; Demeter, Fabrice; Sørensen, Lasse; Nielsen, Poul Otto; Henriksen, Rasmus; Vimala, Tharsika; McColl, Hugh; Margaryan, Ashot; Ilardo, Melissa; Vaughn, Andrew; Mortensen, Morten Fischer; Nielsen, Anne Birgitte; Ulfeldt Hede, Mikkel; Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær; Rasmussen, Peter; Vinner, Lasse; Renaud, Gabriel; Stern, Aaron; Jensen, Theis; Scorrano, Gabriele; Schroeder, Hannes; Lysdahl, Per; Ramsøe, Abigail Daisy; Skorobogatov, Andrei; Schork, Andrew Joseph; Rosengren, Anders; Ruter, Anthony; Outram, Alan; Timoshenko, Aleksey; Buzhilova, Alexandra; Coppa, Alfredo; Zubova, Alisa; Silva, Ana Maria; Hansen, Anders; Gromov, Andrey; Logvin, Andrey; Gotfredsen, Anne Birgitte; Nielsen, Bjarne Henning; González-Rabanal, Borja; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; McKenzie, Catriona; Gaunitz, Charleen; Blasco, Concepción; Liesau, Corina; Martinez-Labarga, Cristina; Pozdnyakov, Dmitri; Cuenca-Solana, David; Lordkipanidze, David; En’shin, Dmitri; Salazar-García, Domingo; Price, Douglas; Borić, Dušan; Kostyleva, Elena; Veselovskaya, Elizaveta; Usmanova, Emma; Cappellini, Enrico; Petersen, Erik Brinch; Kannegaard, Esben; Radina, Francesca; Yediay, Fulya Eylem; Duday, Henri; Gutiérrez-Zugasti, Igor; Merts, Ilya; Potekhina, Inna; Shevnina, Irina; Altinkaya, Isin; Guilaine, Jean; Hansen, Jesper; Aura Tortosa, Joan Emili; Zilhão, João; Vega, Jorge; Buck Pedersen, Kristoffer; Guilaine, Jean; Tunia, Krzysztof; Zhao, Lei; Mylnikova, Liudmila; Larsson, Lars; Metz, Laure; Yepiskoposyan, Levon; Pedersen, Lisbeth; Sarti, Lucia; Orlando, Ludovic; Slimak, Ludovic; Klassen, Lutz; Blank, Malou; González-Morales, Manuel; Silvestrini, Mara; Vretemark, Maria; Nesterova, Marina; Rykun, Marina; Rolfo, Mario Federico; Szmyt, Marzena; Przybyła, Marcin; Calattini, Mauro; Sablin, Mikhail; Dobisíková, Miluše; Meldgaard, Morten; Johansen, Morten; Berezina, Natalia; Card, Nick; Saveliev, Nikolai; Poshekhonova, Olga; Rickards, Olga; Lozovskaya, Olga; Gábor, Olivér; Uldum, Otto Christian; Aurino, Paola; Kosintsev, Pavel; Courtaud, Patrice; Ríos, Patricia; Mortensen, Peder; Lotz, Per; Persson, Per; Bangsgaard, Pernille; Damgaard, Peter de Barros; Petersen, Peter Vang; Prieto Martínez, Pilar; Włodarczak, Piotr; Smolyaninov, Roman; Maring, Rikke; Menduiña, Roberto; Badalyan, Ruben; Iversen, Rune; Turin, Ruslan; Vasilyev, Sergey; Wåhlin, Sidsel; Borutskaya, Svetlana; Skochina, Svetlana; Sørensen, Søren Anker; Andersen, Søren; Jørgensen, Thomas; Jørgensen, Thomas; Serikov, Yuri; Molodin, Vyacheslav; Smrcka, Vaclav; Merts, Victor; Appadurai, Vivek; Moiseyev, Vyacheslav; Magnusson,Yvonne; Kjær, Kurt; Lynnerup, Niels; Lawson, Daniel; Sudmant, Peter; Rasmussen, Simon; Korneliussen, Thorfinn Sand; Durbin, Richard; Nielsen, Rasmus; Delanea, Olivier; Werge, Thomas; Racimo, Fernando; Kristiansen, Kristian; Willerslev, Eske
    In the version of this article initially published, there were errors in the second affiliations for Levon Yepiskoposyan (Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia) and Sergey Vasilyev (Center for Egyptological Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation), and in the first affiliation for Ruben Badalyan (Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia); the affiliations are amended in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.