Про етичні межі критики культури з позицій психоаналітичної теорії параної
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Date
2018
Authors
Климчук, Оксана
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Abstract
У статті з’ясовано зміст проблеми етичних меж застосування словника психоаналітичної
теорії параної до критики сучасної масової культури та розглянуто інструменти дослідження
культури, які пропонує термінологічний апарат психоаналізу. Популярні в Україні продукти масової
культури Заходу проаналізовано у статті за допомогою понять "Супер-Его культурної епохи" та
"параноїдальні конструкції". Перше поняття (його запровадив З. Фройд та розвинув С. Жижек)
розширює погляд на культуру тим, що додає вимір неусвідомлюваної системи цінностей, яка існує,
розвивається та змінюється поряд із публічно символізованим етичним законом. Оскільки ключовою мотивацією споживача масової культури є отримання насолоди, параноїдальні структури
в культурних текстах аналізуються як джерело насолоди, легітимованої культурним Супер-Его.
In this article, we raise an issue of advisability of imposing ethical dimension onto the limits of applying psychoanalytic theory of paranoia to cultural criticism. We consider psychoanalytic thesaurus as a prospective instrument for studying culture. Our specific research interest lies in functioning of paranoid structures in contemporary culture of Western type, which is focused on the values of scientific cognition and rational comprehension of the world. We find the concepts of “the cultural superego” and “paranoid construction” to be efficient instruments for interpreting culture. With the first concept, introduced by Freud and elaborated by Žižek, a scholar gets an opportunity to study the dimension of unconscious and partly a conscious system of values that develops in a culture side by side with public (ethical) Law. Our focus is on the discontinuity between declared and actually operating cultural values. We discovered that playing the spectacle of madness and presentation of the charismatic paranoid in the role of a cultural hero provide spectator with forbidden enjoyment and serve to recreate social bonds around the values of mental "normalcy" with radical condemnation of psychical pathology. Thus, we consider products of popular culture that contain representations of psychosis, and paranoid constructions, to be legitimated by the contemporary cultural superego. We show the work of cultural superego on the material of The Basic Instinct film, which won a wide and long-lasting popularity in Ukraine as well. Along the lines of Lacanian approach to psychosis, we state that the key to spectator’s enjoyment lies in sharing the same resistance with the paranoid hero on screen.
In this article, we raise an issue of advisability of imposing ethical dimension onto the limits of applying psychoanalytic theory of paranoia to cultural criticism. We consider psychoanalytic thesaurus as a prospective instrument for studying culture. Our specific research interest lies in functioning of paranoid structures in contemporary culture of Western type, which is focused on the values of scientific cognition and rational comprehension of the world. We find the concepts of “the cultural superego” and “paranoid construction” to be efficient instruments for interpreting culture. With the first concept, introduced by Freud and elaborated by Žižek, a scholar gets an opportunity to study the dimension of unconscious and partly a conscious system of values that develops in a culture side by side with public (ethical) Law. Our focus is on the discontinuity between declared and actually operating cultural values. We discovered that playing the spectacle of madness and presentation of the charismatic paranoid in the role of a cultural hero provide spectator with forbidden enjoyment and serve to recreate social bonds around the values of mental "normalcy" with radical condemnation of psychical pathology. Thus, we consider products of popular culture that contain representations of psychosis, and paranoid constructions, to be legitimated by the contemporary cultural superego. We show the work of cultural superego on the material of The Basic Instinct film, which won a wide and long-lasting popularity in Ukraine as well. Along the lines of Lacanian approach to psychosis, we state that the key to spectator’s enjoyment lies in sharing the same resistance with the paranoid hero on screen.
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Keywords
Супер-Его культурної епохи, масова культура, психоаналіз, параноїдальні структури, репрезентація, параноя, трилер, детектив, насолода, стаття, the cultural superego, the mass culture, psychoanalysis, paranoid constructions, representation, thriller, enjoyment, The Basic Instinct
Citation
Климчук О. Ю. Про етичні межі критики культури з позицій психоаналітичної теорії параної / Климчук О. Ю. // Магістеріум. Культурологія. - 2018. - Вип. 71. - С. 50-54.