Городельська маніфестація 1861 року у світлі документів
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Date
2017
Authors
Орел, Юлія
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Abstract
Представлено процес підготовки, хід та реакцію офіційних органів влади на проведення
Городельської маніфестації 1861 року. Підкреслено значення цієї акції для консолідації прихильників
польського національного руху у Волинській, Київській та Подільській губерніях напередодні
Січневого повстання 1863 року. Розкрито процес формулювання завдань польського національного
руху в період проведення патріотичних маніфестацій 1861 року.
The article presents a preparation process, progress, and reaction of the official authorities on the Horodlo manifestation of 1861. This manifestation was just one of a series of actions organized by supporters of the Reds in August and September of 1861. It determined the place and role of the Horodlo manifestation, along with other actions of that period: Dubienka, Kovno, and Vilno manifestations. It is suggested that these actions led to an aggravated confrontation of the Poles with the government that was ready to make concessions to the Polish national movement in the Kingdom of Poland in the summer of 1861. Specifically, the author analyzes the appeal “Do Braci Polaków, Rusinów i Litwinów” written by Apollo Korzeniowski in the context of the situation in the three provinces of the South-West Krai where the action took place, namely the proclamation of the martial law provisions in Zhytomyr and strengthening the governmental supervision over its execution. Basing on the original documents, the author demonstrates how the event was described and evaluated in the reports of the gendarmerie and police officials. Specific emphasis is put on describing the events that took place in the town Ustilug of the Volyn province. The article also explores the response of the administration to this manifestation in the Volyn, Kyiv and Podillia provinces. Finally, the author outlines the importance of the action (the Horodlo manifestation) in the consolidation of the Polish national movement supporters on the eve of the January uprising of 1863 in the three aforementioned provinces. Consequently, the article briefly addresses the tasks of the Polish national movement during the patriotic-demonstrations period of 1861, including the attitudes to the so-called “peasant question”. The article also displays the range of penalties claimed from the protesters up to administrative expulsion from the provinces of South-West Krai for the most active participants.
The article presents a preparation process, progress, and reaction of the official authorities on the Horodlo manifestation of 1861. This manifestation was just one of a series of actions organized by supporters of the Reds in August and September of 1861. It determined the place and role of the Horodlo manifestation, along with other actions of that period: Dubienka, Kovno, and Vilno manifestations. It is suggested that these actions led to an aggravated confrontation of the Poles with the government that was ready to make concessions to the Polish national movement in the Kingdom of Poland in the summer of 1861. Specifically, the author analyzes the appeal “Do Braci Polaków, Rusinów i Litwinów” written by Apollo Korzeniowski in the context of the situation in the three provinces of the South-West Krai where the action took place, namely the proclamation of the martial law provisions in Zhytomyr and strengthening the governmental supervision over its execution. Basing on the original documents, the author demonstrates how the event was described and evaluated in the reports of the gendarmerie and police officials. Specific emphasis is put on describing the events that took place in the town Ustilug of the Volyn province. The article also explores the response of the administration to this manifestation in the Volyn, Kyiv and Podillia provinces. Finally, the author outlines the importance of the action (the Horodlo manifestation) in the consolidation of the Polish national movement supporters on the eve of the January uprising of 1863 in the three aforementioned provinces. Consequently, the article briefly addresses the tasks of the Polish national movement during the patriotic-demonstrations period of 1861, including the attitudes to the so-called “peasant question”. The article also displays the range of penalties claimed from the protesters up to administrative expulsion from the provinces of South-West Krai for the most active participants.
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Keywords
Січневе повстання, Городельська маніфестація, Царство Польське, шляхта, Волинська губернія, Устилуг, І. І. Васильчиков, селянська реформа, The January uprising, Horodlo manifestation, Kingdom of Poland, the nobility, Volyn province, Ustilug, governor-general I. Vasilchikov, emancipation reform, стаття
Citation
Орел Юлія Володимирівна. Городельська маніфестація 1861 року у світлі документів / Орел Ю. В. // Наукові записки НаУКМА. Історичні науки. - 2017. - Т. 194. - С. 41-46.