Кафедра української мови

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200 чоловік чи 200 людей, осіб, душ?
(2016) Голосовська, Галина
У статті йдеться про збіднення мови через подеколи штучне звуження значень окремих давніх власне українських слів і запропоновано використовувати все мовне багатство значень і форм.
Dialects in the Current Sociolinguistic Situation in Ukraine
(2022) Bidnoshyia, Yuri; Dyka, Liudmyla
The article attempts to consider Ukrainian dialects from a sociolinguistic perspective. In particular, the article describes the factors which influence attitudes to dialects and determine its level of prestige. The main factors described are Ukraine’s language policy and teachers’ approaches to students’ language competence. The article gives examples of statements by scholars, writers, and dialect speakers about the place of dialect in literary language and in everyday communication, as well as the phenomenon of switching codes from dialect to literary language or from dialect to another language, which often causes discomfort for dialect speakers and provokes intolerance in their peers. Ways to form a positive image of dialects are proposed, which could help improve the image of the Ukrainian language. Important measures which could be taken to achieve this aim are an increase interest in the publication of dialect texts and the creation of literary works in dialect.
Differentiation of Syncretic Categories, Dual Categories and Other Approximate Phenomena in the Syntactic Language System (on the Material of the Ukrainian Language)
(2020) Kobchenko, Natalia
The main purpose of the paper is to explore and explain the difference between these two concepts relating to the syntactic language system, in particular, to prove the difference between the structures of "true" dual syntactic connection and structures of "fictitious" dual syntactic connection.
Distribution de la notion de "démocratie" dans les textes ukrainies du XXe siècle
(2003) Demska, Orysia
У статті розглянуто способи вживання поняття "демократія" в українських текстах ХХ століття.
Expression of the Predicative Centre of Sentences with Pronominal-Infinitive Complex (on the Material of the Ukrainian Language)
(2014) Kobchenko, Natalia
Favorite Letter: Shifts in Language Ideologies as Reflections of Overcoming Postcolonial Ambivalence in Wartime
(2025) Kobchenko, Natalia
Background. Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, besides all traumatic consequences for Ukrainian society, has led to fundamental shifts in self-awareness and self-identification of Ukrainians, and these shifts have been reflected in language ideologies. In addition to explicit changes regarding the switching of a significant percentage of Russophone Ukrainians to the Ukrainian language, there have also been profound changes concerning rethinking the role of language in constructing identity and preserving statehood. Contribution to the research field. This study serves as a case analysis examining the development of language ideologies within a postcolonial society through their expression in various textual and visual representations of a single symbol— the letter "ї", which has emerged as a symbol of the Ukrainian language and a marker of its distinctiveness. The importance and originality of this study lie in the fact that it helps us to understand the cultural and psychological shifts in society during the period of a unique historical experience: from the formal liberation from colonial dependence to the time of armed resistance to recolonization. Purpose. This study aims to analyze language ideologies of Ukrainians represented by the letter "ї" from 1991 to the present day and find out how they reflect different modes of thinking regarding colonial experience, its realization and overcoming. Methods. The research methodology is based on the theoretical framework of such interdisciplinary fields as postcolonial studies, language ideology, and critical discourse analysis. Taking into account the diversity of empirical material, in addition, certain insights of graphic linguistics, studies of linguistic landscape, and geosemiotics have been added to the research tools. Results. Until February 24, 2022, the language ideologies of Ukrainian society represented by the letter "ї" reflected a state of postcolonial ambivalence. The language ideologies of uniqueness, attitude towards the language as a national treasure, and sacralization conveyed an anticolonial mode of thinking, as they were aimed at denying Soviet narratives about inferiority, provincialism, and the unprestigious status of the Ukrainian language. Meanwhile, the ideology of femininity expressed the colonial way of thinking directly as it embodied a view of oneself from the colonizer’s perspective. The language ideologies of weakness and endangerment as a legacy of being under the control of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union were triggered by the strong position of the Russian language in the public space. After February 24, 2022, the language ideologies of femininity, weakness, and endangerment represented by the letter "ї" have been displaced by ideologies of masculinity, strength, and resistance, broadcasting anticolonial thinking. At the same time, certain tendencies testify to the decolonization of thinking as well: 1) the attitude towards language as a national treasure (a feature of postcolonial societies) has changed to a pragmatic attitude (as a means of communication); 2) the ideology of uniqueness has not been based on the opposition to the Russian language but instead realized in a global context, which evidences a departure from the cognitive dichotomy "colonizer – colonized"; 3) the role of the Ukrainian language in constructing identity and maintaining sovereignty has transited from symbolic to practical. Discussion. In Ukraine, the process of overcoming colonialism and coloniality unfolds in a non-linear way. After formal liberation from political dependence in 1991, the period of postcolonial ambivalence, which is inherent in the coexistence of anticolonial and colonial modes of thinking, occurred. After Russia’s full-scale invasion, the process of decolonization was activated, which coincides with anticolonial resistance that is reflected in thinking as well, in particular in the transformation of linguistic ideologies.
Hungarian and Romanian Minorities in Ukraine: Conditions and Status [electronic resourse]
(2021) Pidkuimukha, Liudmyla
This article continues examining a subject that is addressed in the previously published "Law of Ukraine ‘On ensuring the functioning of Ukrainian as the state language’: The status of Ukrainian and minority languages."
Hybridity and the linguistic landscape
(2019) Demska, Orysia
This article argues that a linguistic landscape can be considered a hybrid when many languages and scripts simultaneously work within it. Being heterogeneous, urban signage (shop signs, business signs, outdoor advertising etc.) is open to hybridization, particularly in moments of historical and geopolitical transformation and at the intersections of different cultures. Analyzing the linguistic landscape of Kiev’s Podil district, conscious, unconscious, explicit, and implicit hybridity are identified and examined. Linguistic hybridity, as an element of cultural hybridity, is closely related to everyday practices associated with work, food, clothes, hygiene, health, leisure, etc. Organic/unconscious and intentional/conscious forms of hybridization occur in linguistic creativity. The article shows that three languages (Ukrainian, Russian, and English), and two scripts (Latin and Cyrillic), participate in the hybridization process, and examples are cited. During the Soviet period, Russian was the dominant language in Ukraine and Kiev. The Soviet authorities reinforced Russian and weakened Ukrainian. The consequences of this colonial policy can be observed today, and one can see these results in the Ukrainian-Russian hybrid city-text. Since the restoration of Ukrainian independence in 1991, Ukraine has transformed from a post-colonial state to a European state, and has become part of a globalized world which uses English as a lingua franca. The effects of this transformation are visible in the linguistic landscape in the form of Ukrainian-Russian-English, Ukrainian-English, and Russian-English hybrid signs.
The Interpretation of the Vocative Case in Ukrainian Language Education: Scientific Foundations and Socio-Political Factors
(2023) Kobchenko, Natalia; Yasakova, Nataliia; Ozhohan, Vasyl
The paper traces the dynamics of the interpretation of the grammatical nature of the vocative in Ukrainian grammars from the 16th century until the present. The subject of the analysis is the content and presentation of this category in two sections of Ukrainian grammar books: 1) morphological, which clarifies the status of the vocative in the inflectional paradigm of the noun, and 2) syntactic, in which the means of expressing address are characterized. Based on the findings of the research, various trends in the description of the vocative in different historical periods have been identified, in particular: 1) until the beginning of the 20th, it was unequivocally qualified as an equal member of the inflectional paradigm of the noun, equal to other cases; 2) from the beginning of the 20th century to 1933 was a period of competition between two theories (the vocative is a case the same as others or the vocative is not a true case, but a "special" form in the inflectional paradigm of the noun); 3) the canonization of the "fake case" status theory; 4) from 1991 to the present there has been an unanimity of authors in qualifying the vocative as a case. Comparing the stages of fundamental changes in the scientific definition of the vocative in grammars with defining events in the history of Ukraine provides the basis for discussions about the influence of socio–political factors on the representation of linguistic theories and the codification of the linguistic norms.
Interventional Strategies in the Ukrainian Dubbing of The Simpsons Movie (2007)
(2022) Weston, Olena
This article analyses the interventional translation strategies employed in the Ukrainian dubbing of The Simpsons Movie (2007). Based on a parallel corpus of the English original and the Ukrainian dubbing, this paper argues that film translation frequently requires lexical adjustments by the translator in order to maintain the original context or to establish the desired emotional connection with the audience. The interventional strategies chosen for this paper and applied to detected Ukrainian fragments are generalisation, substitution and omission, which are elements of domestication strategies; and specification, which is an element of foreignization strategies. In the process of analysing the parallel corpus for The Simpsons Movie, an additional type of interventional strategy was detected and added as a fifth category: lexical domestication. This strategy relates to elements that have been deliberately created with the aim of introducing foreign replicas closer to the target language.
Język, przemiany społeczno-polityczne i współpraca międzynarodowa
(2014) Masenko, Larysa
W artykule przedstawiono zarys wspolczesnej ukrainskiej socjoling- wistyki z uwzgl^dnieniem polsko-ukrainskiej wspolpracy naukowej w II polowie XX i na pocz^tku XXI wieku. Artykul wzbogaca naj- nowsza literatura kiytyczna. Cenny element tekstu stanowkj uiywki korespondencji Jerzego Giedroycia i Jurija Szewelowa, ktora zachowala sig na sronach paryskiej „Kultury”.
Language Tenacity of Ukrainians in the 20th Century as a Means of National Self-Assertion
(2021) Pidkuimukha, Liudmyla
The goal of this article is to analyze language tenacity of Ukrainians in the first half of the twentieth century as well as geographical and historical factors that have influenced language behaviour and language choice. The data set used for the analysis comes from a collection of interviews "Unusual Fates of Usual Women. Oral History of the 20th Century" (Vynnytska, 2013). These texts are chosen as they represent demonstrative samples of women’s language practices and interviewees’ reflections on the language situation in Ukraine in the first half of the 20th century. The women-interviewees explain their language choices and define how it has influenced national identity of the individuals and groups. In total, 21 interviews, which I view as discourse (text in context), are studied. The analysis is informed by critical discourse studies and reveals that the concepts of language stability and language tenacity describe the language situation studied. Language attitudes are also shown to be instrumental in creating the sociolinguistic conditions which support language stability. The discussion focuses on the concept of language tenacity as the most relevant notion in preserving or maintaining a language in a society.
Marriage Announcements in Lviv during the Interwar Period: Ethnic and Gender Aspects
(2016) Pidkuimukha, Liudmyla
The article dwells upon the marriage announcements in the Lviv periodicals during the interwar period. The author has analyzed men's and women's ads and has described the peculiarities of them. The author has defined the main character traits which the future wife or husband should have.
Modern approaches to philological studies
(2020) Klymenko, Olga; Kosovych, Olga; Kuzmenko, Anastasiia; Kobchenko, Natalia; Khrystianinova, Raisa; Merkulova, Oksana; Pavlenko, Iryna; Torkut, Nataliya; Nikolova, Oleksandra; Pogrebnaya, Viktoriya; Grebeniuk, Tetiana
Collective monograph based on philological research.
More than a signboard: the name of a store in the speaker’s mental lexicon
(2022) Kadochnikova, Olena
Background. Forming a system of spatial, social and cultural landmarks, each speaker consciously/unconsciously records proper names which seem important. The most significant units are remembered, and it is they that determine the general idea of the entire set of marked objects. Since the system of linguistic units in the individual mental lexicon is regulated by a great number of subjective factors, it can be assumed that the tendencies of the reflection of reality in the mental lexicon common to a group of speakers open the way to the analysis of current social stereotypes. Shop and store names are one of the groups of commercial names, therefore, by their very nature, they are maximally oriented towards reflecting positive stereotypes of large social groups. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to analyze how the names of shops and stores are reflected in the mental lexicon of the women residents of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, and to try to outline the connection between the proper names verbalization in speakers’ mental lexicon and their ideas about extralinguistic reality. Methods. The material for this study consists of 249 graphic variants of 160 names of clothing, footwear and food stores, collected by surveying 45 women residents of Kyiv. Descriptive, comparative, and quantitative methods were used in the research, and techniques of the structural method were occasionally involved. Results. Current store names in the capital of Ukraine create а very colorful linguistic landscape with its main feature – the predominance of foreign language components, both lexical and graphic. Among all this diversity, the speaker remembers 3 or 4 names оn average, which determine her idea of the general trends in the nomination of objects in this field and indirectly ‒ these objects themselves. The analysis of store and shop names active in the mental lexicon of Kyiv residents shows that the absolute majority of clothing and shoe stores (79 % and 81 %, respectively) are perceived by names identified with other cultural spaces. Not only the name’s origin, but primarily its graphic form is a clear indicator of belonging to some cultural space. The opposite case in the name system of grocery stores is recorded ‒ only 26 % of them were reproduced by respondents in Latin. The form in which the store or shop name is stored in the mental lexicon depends on a) the graphic code visualized on the signboard / in the advertisement and b) the sound form of the name commonly used in informal communication. The activity of the second factor directly depends on the symmetry of the sound and spelling of the barbarism name and the level of speaker’s foreign language competence. The result of the collision of different graphic codes in the speaker’s mind is mixing, which is manifested in the recording of the original form of the name from Latin to Cyrillic during memorization. Therefore, while keeping proper names in memory, speakers try to assimilate their form to the rest of the fixed units, and this often manifests itself in the transformation of the original form of proper name. Discussion. Oversaturation of Kyiv’s commercial ergonomics system with barbaric names forms a strong public stereotype about the attractiveness and progressiveness of other cultures in the consumption sphere and creates the illusion of the absence of national Ukrainian in it. Trying to master the system of store and shop names, Kyiv residents find themselves in a conflict situation: the dominant graphic code for them is the Cyrillic alphabet, while the Latin alphabet prevails in the visual space of Kyiv’s trade establishments. The way out of this situation is transformation ‒ recording of the original name with the help of a graphic system convenient for the speaker. In order to form a general idea about the reflection of the commercial proper names system in the mental lexicon of Ukrainians, it is necessary to involve in the study data from representatives of different age groups from different regions of the country.
MOVNYY KOD української комерції
(2024) Кадочнікова, Олена
Тези доповіді учасника XVIII Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції "Мови і світ: дослідження та викладання", 28-29 березня 2024 року.
The peculiarity of the syntactic connection in the sentences including generalizing components
(2017) Kobchenko, Natalia
In the article there are highlighted grammatical peculiarities of syntactic connections in sentences with homogeneous parts of sentence and resumptive words. The purpose of the research is to clear up the technic of realization of syntactic connection in the syntactic triplets "a resumptive word + its syntactic dominate + series of homogeneous components". There are described various approaches to the qualification of peculiarities of syntactic connections in these syntactic triplets. There is outlined functioning of dual subordinated indirect connection. There are represented models of these syntactic triplets according to the part of language beloning of their components. There is emphasized obligatory interaction between this type of dual syntactic connection and parataxis.
Poligrap: лінгвістичний пошуковий ресурс
(2005) Демська, Орися
Пропонована увазі читача стаття з проблем корпусної лінгвістики є однією з циклу статей, завдання яких - впровадження корпусного методу в лінгвоукраїністику. У статті розглянуто один із аспектів роботи з текстовими корпусними ресурсами, а саме програмний підхід до екстрагування лінгвальної інформації корпусу. Описано пошукову програму Poligrap, специфіку її синтаксису, а також варіанти інтерфейсів.
Prof. Omeljan Pritsak's Structural-Functional Theory Applied to the Ottoman-Cossack Treaty 1650-1651
(2015) Pritsak, Larysa
Professor Omeljan Pritsak, a leading scholar in the field of Turkology, contributed to 20th century world science by way of introducing holistic methods into historical research, namely Source Studies. I refer herein to Prof. Pritsak’s structural-functional theory of historical vision based on historical facts reconstructed from the structures of complete historic cycles through dichotomic analysis. This theory gave me the possibility to investigate a set of Ottoman and Cossack Treaty texts of 1651 with the help of the analytic - factologic method and to reconstruct cahd-name (terms and conditions) of the Treaty applying the comparative structural method. Using the holistic approach to primary sources, I investigated the Ottoman set of documents on the protectorate issued to Bogdan Khmel’nyts’kyj and the Zaporozhian Host by the Ottoman Porte in 1651. The method is fruitful in solving the objectives set before the researcher.
The Significance of the Unsaid in the Dictionary: Lexicographical Evidence of the Status of Ukrainians in the Soviet Union
(2025) Yasakova, Nataliia
Background. The eleven-volume "Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language", published in the Soviet Union, avoided mentioning certain words and meanings. Given the socio-political circumstances under which it was created, and the history of Soviet interference in the publication of Ukrainian dictionaries, the omission of certain words and phrases is to be considered in the context of the implementation of state policy towards Ukrainians as one of the USSR nations. A vivid example is the practice of lexicographical processing of names that reveal the fight of Ukrainians for their political independence. Сontribution to the research field. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that, using nouns denoting persons as an example, it discloses the practice of silencing in the Soviet dictionary of certain words intended to strengthen the influence of the authorities, and construct a Ukrainian identity which was suitable for the Russian-Soviet empire. Purpose. The aim of the article from the perspective of post-colonial linguistics is to highlight the causes and consequences of the absence from the most comprehensive Ukrainian Soviet dictionary of nouns denoting persons, associated with the experience of resistance to Moscow authorities and the idea of creating a Ukrainian state. Methods. The research is based on the principles of critical discourse-analysis by N. Fairclough, who emphasises the connection between language, authorities, and ideology. The analysis of the dictionary includes textual, discursive and socio-cultural dimensions. Causes and consequences of omissions in the dictionary have been interpreted from the perspective of the post-colonial approach, having taken into account the consequences of the creation of the dictionary as well as the practice of using omitted words in Ukrainian texts from different years. Data from the General Regional Annotated Corpus of the Ukrainian Language (GRAC) was used to establish the practice of word usage. Results. The dictionary does not contain names referring to members of nationalist organisations and armed groups, derived from the names of their leaders (banderivets, bulbivets, melnykivets1), names of military formations and political organisations (upivets and ounivets2.) The dictionary also lacks the names mazepynets and bohdanivets3, associated with Ivan Mazepa and Bohdan Kmelnytsky, two historical figures, crucial to the formation of Ukrainian identity, as well as the terms derzhavnyk and samostiinyk4, linked to the idea of the political independence of Ukraine, and being key components of the anti-imperial discourse. Most of these words were used in Soviet publications to condemn the actions of "Ukrainian bourgeois nationalists". All of these words appeared in works banned by the Moscow authorities that covered Ukraine’s past or the activities of Ukrainians outside the USSR. Discussion. The eleven-volume "Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language" represents Ukrainians in accordance with the official ideology of the USSR. Its authors were unable to describe the past and the present of their nation in a full manner. As a result, epistemological gaps in the dictionary contributed to the construction of Ukrainian national identity, which was part of the Soviet imperial project. A critical study of Ukrainian dictionaries will make it possible to trace ideological changes and the construction of Ukrainian national identity during the colonial and post-colonial periods. Interpreting what was silenced in Soviet-era works will help to understand the specifics of the Ukrainian colonial experience and improve the scientific description of the Ukrainian language.

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